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PEACE PARKS PROGRAMMES

The programmes differ from the projects in that they encompass more than one peace park and rather include many, if not all southern Africa's TFCAs.  The Climate Change Programme, TFCA Veterinary Programme and Ecosystem Services are run by Peace Parks Foundation, whereas Boundless Southern Africa was launched and is run by nine southern African countries.  They all set out to achieve the best not only  for the region's TFCAs, but also for the partner countries and its people.
 

Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park

Voluntary Resettlement Programme in the Limpopo National Park

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 It is a common occurrence in Mozambique for people to live inside the national parks. When the Limpopo National Park was proclaimed in 2001 it was therefore not regarded as a problem that approximately one thousand families (6000 people) resided in eight villages within the core area of the new national park. It was anticipated that the community's interest would be addressed during the development of the management plan. During the consultation process with the drafting of the management plan it was agreed with the communities that they could either remain in the park in enclave villages or they could be resettled outside the park in new villages. All the villages indicated, however, that they would prefer to be resettled outside the park.

A resettlement project of this magnitude requires a lot of preparation work as well as large amounts of funds to be raised. Firstly a resettlement frame work document was compiled to determine what the process should be. The World Bank Guidelines for Resettlement was adopted and adjusted to suit the local situation and institutional arrangements. A Coordinating Committee for Resettlement (CCR) was established which included the Provincial Governor, the District Administrators, representatives from all provincial and district government departments affected by the resettlement, community representatives, park representatives as well as NGO's. The CCR decided that the resettlement process should start off with a pilot resettlement project and identified the Makavene and the Nangeni villages as the first villages to be resettled as a pilot project. Makavene village consists of 126 and Nangeni of 18 households. The German Government through their development bank, KfW, agreed to make funding available for the pilot resettlement project.

The next step in the process was to develop a Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) for the two pilot villages. The RAP had to contain the socio-economic information of the village to be resettled, an asset register of each household including building structures, fruit trees, agricultural fields, livestock, etc. The RAP also had to stipulate all the detail with regard to the host village, maps of the new residential area and location of agricultural fields. Social infrastructure such as additional classrooms, medical clinic, water provision, etc. also had to be included. A detailed budget also had to be provided for the implementation of the RAP. A consultant was appointed to assist LNP staff to compile a RAP for each village. The compensation package for each household was based on guidelines approved by the CCR and KfW.

A building tender was launched for the construction of the replacement houses and the building contractor has completed the first 18 houses for the Nangeni community. At the same time the new agricultural fields were cleared. Towards the end of 2008 the 18 households signed agreements with the government in acceptance of their entitlement packages and moved to their new houses outside the park. The process for the 126 households of the Makavene village is ongoing.